Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
Fibroid
Fibroid
Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that develop in the uterus, and endovascular interventional radiology can be used as a treatment option for this condition.Leiomyoma or myoma are alternative names for uterine fibroids, which are non-cancerous growths that arise from the muscle tissue of the uterus. Fibroids can vary in size, shape, and location, and may be located at different sites within the uterus. They can be found inside the uterus, on the outer surface, within its walls, or protruding from it. A woman may have a single fibroid or multiple ones. Fibroids can remain small for an extended period and then suddenly grow quickly, or they can grow slowly over several years. It is common in age of 30-40 years, but can occur at any age.
Symptoms:
The symptoms of fibroids can vary depending on their size, location, and number. Some women may experience no symptoms at all, while others may have one or more of the following:
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Painful menstrual periods.
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Pelvic pain or pressure.
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Pain during sexual intercourse.
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Frequent urination.
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Difficulty emptying the bladder.
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Constipation.
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Abdominal swelling or bloating.
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Anemia (low iron levels) due to heavy bleeding.
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In some cases, fibroids can also lead to complications during pregnancy, such as miscarriage, preterm labor, or difficulty delivering the baby.
It is important to note that some of these symptoms can be caused by other conditions as well, and a healthcare provider should be consulted for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Causes / Risk Factors:
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Hormones: Estrogen and progesterone, two hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, can promote the growth of fibroids.
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Genetics: There may be a genetic component to fibroids, as they tend to run in families.
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Age: Fibroids are more common in women who are of reproductive age, particularly those in their 30s and 40s.
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Race: Black women are more likely to develop fibroids than women of other races
Other factors that may increase the risk of developing fibroids include obesity, a diet high in red meat and low in fruits and vegetables, and a history of taking birth control pills.While most fibroids are noncancerous and do not increase the risk of developing cancer, there is a rare type of cancer called leiomyosarcoma that can develop in the smooth muscle tissue of the uterus. Women with large or rapidly growing fibroids may be at a slightly higher risk of developing this cancer.
Diagnosis:
There are several methods that healthcare providers may use to diagnose fibroids. These include:
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Pelvic exam: A healthcare provider may be able to feel the presence of fibroids during a pelvic exam
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Ultrasound: An ultrasound, which uses sound waves to create images of the uterus, can show the size, location, and number of fibroids.
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): An MRI can provide more detailed images of the uterus and fibroids, which can be helpful in planning treatment.
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Hysteroscopy: A hysteroscopy is a procedure in which a thin, lighted tube with a camera is inserted through the vagina and cervix into the uterus, allowing the healthcare provider to see inside the uterus and identify any fibroid
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Endometrial biopsy: In some cases, a healthcare provider may take a small sample of tissue from the lining of the uterus to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.
Treatments:
An interventional radiologist (IR) can perform an Endovascular procedure called uterine artery fibroid embolization (UAE or UFE), which is a non-surgical technique. This procedure involves the injection of small particles to obstruct the blood supply to the fibroid. Once the blood supply to the fibroid is cut off, it starts to reduce in size. The procedure is carried out via a small injection in one of the arteries located in the groin or wrist.
FAQ
Do all fibroids to be treated?
If a woman's fibroids are small, do not cause any symptoms, or if she is nearing menopause, treatment may not be necessary. However, the decision to treat a fibroid depends on the individual's specific signs and symptoms, which should be evaluated by a doctor.
Will fibroids afeect my fertility?
The impact of fibroids on fertility can vary depending on the size and location of the fibroids. Small fibroids that do not interfere with the uterine cavity are unlikely to affect fertility, but larger fibroids or those that distort the shape of the uterus can hinder pregnancy. Fibroids can also affect fertility if they block the fallopian tubes or alter the position of the cervix, making it difficult for sperm to reach the egg. However, the effect of fibroids on fertility is not always straightforward and depends on various factors, including the age of the woman, the number, size, and location of the fibroids, and the presence of other underlying fertility issues. If you have concerns about fibroids affecting your fertility, it's important to speak with your healthcare provider who can evaluate your individual situation and provide guidance on appropriate treatment options.
How to confirm i have fibroids?
A pelvic ultrasound (USG) is often adequate to diagnose the existence of a fibroid, but in certain cases, an MRI test may be requested by your doctor depending on the symptoms
Should I do Hormon therapy or physical therapy for fibroids?
The decision to undergo hormonal therapy or physical therapy for fibroids would depend on various factors such as the size and location of the fibroids, the severity of symptoms, your overall health, and your personal preferences. Hormonal therapy, such as birth control pills, can help reduce the growth of fibroids and alleviate symptoms like heavy bleeding and pain. However, hormonal therapy may not be effective for all types of fibroids, and it may have side effects such as nausea, headaches, and weight gain. On the other hand, physical therapy, including exercises to strengthen the pelvic muscles and improve blood flow, can help reduce pain and discomfort associated with fibroids. Physical therapy may also help prevent the formation of new fibroids and improve overall pelvic health. Ultimately, the best course of treatment for fibroids would depend on a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider, who can provide personalized recommendations based on your unique circumstances. It's important to discuss the pros and cons of each treatment option with your healthcare provider to make an informed decision.
what are the advantages of fibroid embolization(UAE/UFE)?
Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE) or Uterine Artery Fibroid Embolization (UAE) is a well-established and effective non-surgical method for treating uterine fibroids. This procedure is minimally invasive and does not involve removing the uterus, making it a uterus-preserving option for women seeking treatment. One of the benefits of UFE/UAE is that it does not require any incisions, cuts, or stitches, so there are no surgical scars left behind. Additionally, recovery time is typically faster compared to traditional surgery. Overall, UFE/UAE offers a safe and effective treatment option for women with uterine fibroids, without the need for invasive surgery or the removal of the uterus.
